Causal Space-Times on a Null Lattice

I investigate a discrete model of quantum gravity on a causal null-lattice with \SLC structure group. The description is geometric and foliates in a causal and physically transparent manner. The general observables of this model are constructed from local Lorentz symmetry considerations only. For smooth configurations, the local lattice actions reduce to the Hilbert-Palatini action, a cosmological term and the three topological terms of dimension four of Pontyagin, Euler and Nieh-Yan. Consistency conditions for a topologically hypercubic complex with null 4-simplexes are derived and a topological lattice theory that enforces these non-local constraints is constructed. The lattice integration measure is derived from an \SLC-invariant integration measure by localization of the non-local structure group. This measure is unique up to a density that depends on the local 4-volume. It can be expressed in terms of manifestly coordinate invariant geometrical quantities. The density provides an invariant regularization of the lattice integration measure that suppresses configurations with small local 4-volumes. Amplitudes conditioned on geodesic distances between local observables have a physical interpretation and may have a smooth ultraviolet limit. Numerical studies on small lattices in the unphysical strong coupling regime of large imaginary cosmological constant suggest that this model of triangulated causal manifolds is finite. Two topologically different triangulations of space-time are discussed: a single, causally connected universe and a duoverse with two causally disjoint connected components. In the duoverse, two hypercubic sublattices are causally disjoint but the local curvature depends on fields of both sublattices. This may simulate effects of dark matter in the continuum limit.Comment: Greatly improved version, new numerics, appendices, etc.. 42 pages, 14 figure

Irreducible Many-Body Casimir Energies of Intersecting Objects

The vacuum energy of a bosonic field interacting locally with objects is decomposed into irreducible $N$-body parts. The irreducible $N$-body contribution to the vacuum energy is finite if the common intersection $O_1\cap O_2...\cap O_N$ of all $N$ objects $O_i,i=1,..., N$ is empty. I prove that the perturbative expansion of the corresponding irreducible $N$-body spectral function \tphi^{(N)}(\beta) for $\beta\sim 0$ vanishes to all orders even if some of the objects intersect. These irreducible spectral functions and their associated Casimir energies in principle can be computed numerically or approximated semiclassically without regularization or implicit knowledge of the spectrum. They are analytic in the parameters describing the relative orientation and position of the individual objects and remain finite when some, but not all, of the $N$ objects overlap. The Feynman-Kac theorem is used to compute Casimir energies of a massless scalar field with potential scattering and the finiteness of $N$-body Casimir energies is shown explicitly in this case. The irreducible $N$-body contributions to the vacuum energy of a massless scalar field with potential interactions is shown to be negative for an even- and positive for an odd- number of objects. Some simple examples are used to illustrate the analyticity of the $N$-body Casimir energy and its sign. A multiple scattering representation of the irreducible three-body Casimir energy is given. It remains finite when any two of the three objects overlap.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Local Measure of Convex Surfaces induced by the Wiener Measure of Paths

The Wiener measure induces a measure of closed, convex, (d-1)-dimensional, Euclidean (hyper-)surfaces that are the convex hulls of closed d-dimensional Brownian bridges. I present arguments and numerical evidence that this measure, for odd d, is generated by a local classical action of length dimension two that depends on geometric invariants of the (d-1)-dimensional surface only.Comment: Talk presented at QFEXT09 in Norman, Oklahoma (6 pages, 2 figs.